Analysis of Betalains

• Pigmentation - Betalains provide bright red to violet and yellow colours, playing a vital role in attracting pollinators.
• Protection - Betalains help protect the plant from UV radiation damage and are involved in plant response to stress.

Flowers

• Amaranthin - This is a betacyanin that is found in the vibrant flowers of certain Amaranthus species.
• Betanin - This betacyanin is found in the petals of some species of ice plant (Delosperma).
• Vulgaxanthin - This is a betaxanthin found in the flowers of Mirabilis jalapa.
• Miraxanthiun - Another betaxanthin that can be found in flowers.

Fruit and Vegetables

• Beets - One of the richest sources of betalains, especially betacyanins, which give them their characteristic deep red color. Beets also contain betaxanthins.
• Swiss Chard - Both the red and yellow varieties of Swiss chard contain betalains. Red Swiss chard is rich in betacyanins, while yellow Swiss chard contains betaxanthins.
• Prickly Pear - lso known as cactus fruit, prickly pears contain both betacyanins and betaxanthins. The exact amount and type depend on the variety, with red-purple varieties containing more betacyanins and yellow-orange varieties containing more betaxanthins.
• Pitahaya (Dragon Fruit) - This tropical fruit, especially the red-fleshed variety, contains betacyanins.
• Golden Beets - These contain betaxanthins, which provide their yellow color.
• Rhubarb - The red stalks of rhubarb contain betacyanins.