Analysis of Pulp
Background
A pulp mill converts plant fibre (e.g. wood) to a thick fibre board. This board can be used for the production of paper (in paper mills) or for other end uses.Analysis of Pulp at Celignis
Celignis Analytical can determine the following properties of Pulp samples:
Sugars (Monosaccharides)
Sugar Alcohols and Uronic Acids
Lignin and Extractives
- Lignin (Klason)
- Lignin (Klason - Protein Corrected)
- Lignin (Acid Soluble)
- Acid Insoluble Residue
- Extractives (Ethanol-Soluble)
- Extractives (Water-Soluble)
- Extractives (Exhaustive - Water then Ethanol)
- Lignin S/G Ratio
- Extractives (Water-Insoluble, Ethanol Soluble)
- Protein Content of Acid Insoluble Residue
- Carbon Content of Acid Insoluble Residue
- Hydrogen Content of Acid Insoluble Residue
- Nitrogen Content of Acid Insoluble Residue
- Sulphur Content of Acid Insoluble Residue
Amino
Acids
Thermal Properties
- Moisture
- Ash
- Ash (Acid Insoluble)
- Carbon
- Hydrogen
- Nitrogen
- Sulphur
- Oxygen
- Volatile Matter
- Fixed Carbon
- Gross Calorific Value
- Net Calorific Value
- Chlorine
- Ash Shrinkage Starting Temperature (Oxidising)
- Ash Deformation Temperature (Oxidising)
- Ash Hemisphere Temperature (Oxidising)
- Ash Flow Temperature (Oxidising)
- Ash Shrinkage Starting Temperature (Reducing)
- Ash Deformation Temperature (Reducing)
- Ash Hemisphere Temperature (Reducing)
- Ash Flow Temperature (Reducing)
- Thernogram - Under Nitrogen
- Thermogram - Under Air
Major and Minor Elements
Cellulose Content of Pulp
The pulping process invovles the removal of the hemicellulose and lignin components of biomass, leaving mostly cellulose in the remaining material. The extent to which this is achieved will depend on the type and severity of pulping.Click here to see the Celignis Analysis Packages that determine cellulose content.
Hemicellulose Content of Pulp
In the kraft pulping process the liquid extract, termed black liquor, will contain the lignin and hemicellulose that have been removed from the biomass.Click here to see the Celignis Analysis Packages that determine hemicellulose content.
Lignin Content of Pulp
A target of the pulping process in a reduction in the lginin content of the biomass.Click here to see the Celignis Analysis Packages that determine lignin content.
Starch Content of Pulp
Starch can be an important constituent in determining paper properties and can be added to achieve the desired effect.Click here to see the Celignis Analysis Packages that determine starch content.
Uronic Acid Content of Pulp
The uronic acid content and composition of pulp will depend on the pulping process used.Click here to read more about uronic acids and to see the Celignis Analysis Packages that determine uronic acid content.
Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Pulp
We can undertake tests involving the enzymatic hydrolysis of Pulp. In these experiments we can either use a commercial enzyme mix or you can supply your own enzymes.We also offer analysis packages that compare the enzymatic hydrolysis of a pre-treated sample with that of the native original material.
Click here to read more about enzymatic hydrolysis and to see the various analysis packages that we offer.
Ash Content of Pulp
The ash content of the pulp will depend on the conditions and severity of the pulping process.Click here to see the Celignis Analysis Packages that determine ash content.
Heating (Calorific) Value of Pulp
Lignin has a greater heating value than cellulose, whilst the heating values of hemicellulose and cellulose are similar. Hence, removal of a significant proportion of the lignin fraction of biomass in pulping will result in a lesser heating value for the pulp, compared with the starting biomass feedstock.Click here to see the Celignis Analysis Packages that determine heating value.
Bulk Density of Pulp
At Celignis we can determine the bulk density of biomass samples, including Pulp, according to ISO standard 17828 (2015). This method requires the biomass to be in an appropriate form (chips or powder) for density determination.Click here to see the Celignis Analysis Packages that determine bulk density.
Basic Density of Pulp
At Celignis we can determine the basic density of some suitable biomass samples. The method requires the biomass to be in an appropriate form (chips) for density determination.Click here to see the Celignis Analysis Packages that determine basic density.
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